True airspeed is defined as calibrated airspeed corrected for what factors?

True airspeed is defined as calibrated airspeed that has been corrected for the effects of altitude and non-standard temperature. As an aircraft climbs in altitude, the air density decreases, which affects the true airspeed. Calibrated airspeed assumes standard atmospheric conditions and is measured at sea level where temperature and pressure are standard. When flying at higher altitudes where the air is thinner, a correction must be applied to account for these changes; thus, the calibration for altitude and temperature is essential in determining true airspeed.

The relationship between air density, altitude, and temperature is critical, as a decrease in temperature at altitude can result in a difference in the actual airspeed experienced by the aircraft compared to what is indicated. Therefore, incorporating these factors into the calculation provides a more accurate measurement of the aircraft's performance and speed through the air.