How is the center of gravity (CG) of an aircraft generally determined?

The determination of the center of gravity (CG) of an aircraft is a crucial aspect of ensuring proper balance and stability during flight. The correct method to find the CG involves calculating total moments and dividing that by the total weight of the aircraft.

In this context, the CG is found using a mathematical approach where the moments (the product of weight and its arm or distance from a reference point) of all the individual components of the aircraft are summed up. This total moment is then divided by the overall weight of the aircraft to pinpoint the CG location. This procedure allows for a precise location of the CG, which is essential for maintaining the desired flight characteristics and performance of the aircraft.

The other methods described do not accurately lead to the determination of the CG. For example, measuring the length of the wingspan or assessing the wing area are not relevant to calculating the CG, as they do not provide the necessary data on weight distribution across the aircraft. Similarly, the approach of adding weight differences lacks the mathematical foundation required for accurately locating the CG, making the division of total moments by total weight the only viable and correct method.