A load factor of 1.2 means the total load on an aircraft's structure is how many times its gross weight?

A load factor of 1.2 indicates that the total load acting on the aircraft's structure is 1.2 times its gross weight. This scenario typically occurs during maneuvers such as turning or climbing, where the forces experienced by the aircraft can exceed its static weight due to acceleration and the effects of gravity.

In this context, the load factor is essentially a measurement of the stress and strain on an aircraft’s structure beyond its normal weight condition. A load factor of 1.2 suggests that the aircraft is operating under conditions that create additional forces, leading to a total load that is 20% greater than the static weight. Understanding load factors is crucial for pilots and engineers to ensure that the aircraft can safely handle various operational circumstances, thereby maintaining structural integrity and flight safety.